najoNanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, MathematicsНаносистемы: физика, химия, математика2220-80542305-7971Университет ИТМО10.17586/2220-8054-2021-12-6-703-710najo-565Research ArticleCHEMISTRY AND MATERIALS SCIENCEХИМИЯ И НАУКА О МАТЕРИАЛАХReview on NiO thin film as hole transport layer in perovskite solar cellТонкая пленка NiO как слой переноса дырок в перовскитном солнечном элементе. ОбзорBhujelKamalBhujelKamal

Aizawl, 796001;

Aizawl, 796004.

kamalaawaz@gmail.comRaiSumanRaiSuman

Aizawl, 796004.

SinghNingthoujam SurajkumarSinghNingthoujam Surajkumar

Aizawl, 796001.

Physical Sciences Research Center, Pachhunga University College; Laser and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Mizoram UniversityIndiaLaser and Photonics Laboratory, Department of Physics, Mizoram UniversityIndiaPhysical Sciences Research Center, Pachhunga University CollegeIndia202107082025126703710Copyright © Bhujel K., Rai S., Singh N.S., 20252025Bhujel K., Rai S., Singh N.S.Bhujel K., Rai S., Singh N.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/565

The saturation in increasing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of silicon-based solar cells made researchers around world to look for the alternatives. An alternative solar cell would possess some basic requirements like cost effectiveness, reproducible, durable (stability), non-toxicity and higher efficiency. Perovskite solar cell (PSC) opened the new realm of hope for this alternative, consisting of perovskite absorber sandwich between the hole transport layer (HTL) and the electron transport layer (ETL). Good performance of PSCs can be achieved by optimizing many parameters of the components of PSC for obtaining the highest PCE. Among them, the HTL also plays a very vital role. Previously, organic poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrene sulfonic acid) PEDOT:PSS was being widely used as the HTL in PSCs, but due to its hygroscopic nature and acidic properties, it lowered the stability and the life time of the PSCs. Later it was replaced mostly by NiO, a p-type transparent conducting oxide (TCO) enhancing the PCE of PSCs. Its excellent stability and electrical/optical properties attracted the interest of many researchers. Different types of PSCs used NiO thin films prepared from different synthesis routes and obtained variation in efficiency of PSCs. Different parameters of NiO thin films like thickness, annealing temperature (AT) and duration, precursor combinations and more in synthesis processes, have a significant role in optimizing the PCE. Though there are many routes for obtaining NiO thin film, here we are trying to focus more on sol-gel method, as this route is very cost effective and employs basic equipment. Its evolution, present status and the future perspectives will also be discussed.

Насыщение солнечных элементов на основе кремния в плане повышения эффективности преобразования энергии (КПД) заставила исследователей во всем мире искать альтернативы. Альтернативный солнечный элемент должен соответствовать некоторым основным требованиям, таким как экономичность, воспроизводимость, долговечность (стабильность), нетоксичность и более высокая эффективность. Перовскитный солнечный элемент (PSC), представляющий сендвичевую структур с перовскитнным слоем-поглатителем между слоем транспорта дырок (HTL) и слоем переноса электронов (ETL), открыл возможность для реализации этой перспективы. Хорошая производительность PSC может быть достигнута за счет оптимизации многих параметров компонентов PSC для получения наивысшего PCE. Среди них HTL также играет очень важную роль. Ранее органический поли(3,4-этилендиокситиофен):поли(стиролсульфоновая кислота) PEDOT:PSS широко использовался в качестве HTL в PSC, но из-за его гигроскопической природы и кислотных свойств снижалась стабильность и срок службы PSC. Позже он был заменен в основном NiO, прозрачным проводящим оксидом p-типа (TCO), улучшающим PCE PSC. Его превосходная стабильность и электрические/оптические свойства привлекли внимание многих исследователей. Различные типы PSC использовали тонкие пленки NiO, полученные разными методами синтеза, и получили разную эффективность PSC. Различные параметры тонких пленок NiO, такие как толщина, температура отжига (AT) и его продолжительность, комбинации прекурсоров и многое другое в процессах синтеза, играют важную роль в оптимизации PCE. Хотя существует много способов получения тонких пленок NiO, в работе мы больше сосредоточили внимание на золь-гель методе, так как этот способ очень экономичен и использует базовое оборудование. Обсуждены также эволюция, нынешнее состояние и перспективы на будущее золь-гель метода.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.