najoNanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, MathematicsНаносистемы: физика, химия, математика2220-80542305-7971Университет ИТМО10.17586/2220-8054-2017-8-4-441-446najo-624Research ArticlePHYSICSФИЗИКАFiber quantum random number generator, based on vacuum fluctuationsFiber quantum random number generator, based on vacuum fluctuationsIvanovaA. E.IvanovaA. E.

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

newiva@mail.ruChivilikhinS. A.ChivilikhinS. A.

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

sergey.chivilikhin@gmail.comMiroshnichenkoG. P.MiroshnichenkoG. P.

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

gpmirosh@gmail.comGleimA. V.GleimA. V.

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

197101; Kronverkskiy, 49; St. Petersburg

aglejm@yandex.ruITMO UniversityITMO University20171308202584441446Copyright © Ivanova A.E., Chivilikhin S.A., Miroshnichenko G.P., Gleim A.V., 20252025Ivanova A.E., Chivilikhin S.A., Miroshnichenko G.P., Gleim A.V.Ivanova A.E., Chivilikhin S.A., Miroshnichenko G.P., Gleim A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/624

   Quantum random number generation allows one to obtain the absolutely random sequences by using nondeterministic physical processes. Fluctuations of the vacuum, recorded by homodyne detection, can be one of the entropy sources in those generators. In this paper, a system of quantum random numbers generation, based on vacuum fluctuations and using a fiber Y-splitter is presented.

   Quantum random number generation allows one to obtain the absolutely random sequences by using nondeterministic physical processes. Fluctuations of the vacuum, recorded by homodyne detection, can be one of the entropy sources in those generators. In this paper, a system of quantum random numbers generation, based on vacuum fluctuations and using a fiber Y-splitter is presented.

quantum random number generationbeam splitterY-splittervacuum fluctuationsquantum random number generationbeam splitterY-splittervacuum fluctuationsThis work was financially supported by Government of Russian Federation, Grant 074-U01 and by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation (project No. 14.578.21.0112 No 02.G25.31.0229)This work was financially supported by Government of Russian Federation, Grant 074-U01 and by the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation (project No. 14.578.21.0112 No 02.G25.31.0229)ReferencesScarany V., Bechmann-Pasquinucci H. et al. The security of practical quantum key distribution. Rev. Mod. Phys., 2009, 81, P. 1301–1350.Scarany V., Bechmann-Pasquinucci H. et al. The security of practical quantum key distribution. Rev. Mod. Phys., 2009, 81, P. 1301–1350.Jennewein T., Achleitner U. et al. A fast and compact quantum random number generator. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2000, 71(4), P. 1675–1680.Jennewein T., Achleitner U. et al. A fast and compact quantum random number generator. Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2000, 71(4), P. 1675–1680.Stefanov A., Gisin N. et al. Optical quantum random number generator. Journal of Modern Optics, 2000, 47, P. 595–598.Stefanov A., Gisin N. et al. Optical quantum random number generator. Journal of Modern Optics, 2000, 47, P. 595–598.Dynes J. F., Yuan Z. L, et al. A high speed, post-processing free, quantum random number generator. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 93, P. 031109.Dynes J. F., Yuan Z. L, et al. A high speed, post-processing free, quantum random number generator. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2008, 93, P. 031109.Wahl M. et al. An ultrafast quantum random number generator with provably bounded output bias based on photon arrival time measurements. Applied Physics Letters, 2011, 98, P. 171105.Wahl M. et al. An ultrafast quantum random number generator with provably bounded output bias based on photon arrival time measurements. Applied Physics Letters, 2011, 98, P. 171105.Furst H. et al. High speed optical quantum random number generation. Optics express, 2010, 18, P. 13029–13037.Furst H. et al. High speed optical quantum random number generation. Optics express, 2010, 18, P. 13029–13037.Applegate M. et al. Efficient and robust quantum random number generation by photon number detection. Applied Physics Letters, 2015, 107, P. 071106.Applegate M. et al. Efficient and robust quantum random number generation by photon number detection. Applied Physics Letters, 2015, 107, P. 071106.Trifonov A. and Vig H. Quantum noise random number generator, U.S. Patent N 7284024. 2007. B1.Trifonov A. and Vig H. Quantum noise random number generator, U.S. Patent N 7284024. 2007. B1.Gabriel C., Wittmann C. et al. A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states. Nature Phot., 2010, 4, P. 711–715.Gabriel C., Wittmann C. et al. A generator for unique quantum random numbers based on vacuum states. Nature Phot., 2010, 4, P. 711–715.Shen Y., Tian L.,Zou H. Practical quantum random number generator based on measuring the shot noise of vacuum states. Phys. Rev. A, 2010, 81, P. 063814.Shen Y., Tian L.,Zou H. Practical quantum random number generator based on measuring the shot noise of vacuum states. Phys. Rev. A, 2010, 81, P. 063814.Symul T. ,Assad S. M., Lam P. K. Real time demonstration of high bitrate quantum random number generation with coherent laser light. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2011, 98, P. 231103.Symul T. ,Assad S. M., Lam P. K. Real time demonstration of high bitrate quantum random number generation with coherent laser light. Appl. Phys. Lett., 2011, 98, P. 231103.Gleim A. V., Egorov V. I. et al. Secure polarization-independent subcarrier quantum key distribution in optical fiber channel using BB84 protocol with a strong reference. Optics Express, 2016, 24(3), P. 2619–2633.Gleim A. V., Egorov V. I. et al. Secure polarization-independent subcarrier quantum key distribution in optical fiber channel using BB84 protocol with a strong reference. Optics Express, 2016, 24(3), P. 2619–2633.Menezes A., van Oorschot P. , Vanstone S. Handbook of Applied Cryptography. CRC Press., 1996, 816 p.Menezes A., van Oorschot P. , Vanstone S. Handbook of Applied Cryptography. CRC Press., 1996, 816 p.Ivanova A. E, Chivilikhin S. A, Gleim A. V. Quantum random number generator based on homodyne detection. Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, 2017, 8(2), P. 239–242.Ivanova A. E, Chivilikhin S. A, Gleim A. V. Quantum random number generator based on homodyne detection. Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics, 2017, 8(2), P. 239–242.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.