<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">najo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наносистемы: физика, химия, математика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-8054</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-7971</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/22208054201785613619</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">najo-637</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Detection of the polarization spatial distribution of THz radiation generated by twocolor laser filamentation</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kronverkskiy, 49, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smirnov.semen@niuitmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kulya</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kronverkskiy, 49, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mskulya@corp.ifmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tcypkin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kronverkskiy, 49, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tsypkinan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Putilin</surname><given-names>S. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kronverkskiy, 49, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">seputilin@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bespalov</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kronverkskiy, 49, St. Petersburg, 197101</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>8</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>613</fpage><lpage>619</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Smirnov S.V., Kulya M.S., Tcypkin A.N., Putilin S.E., Bespalov V.G., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Smirnov S.V., Kulya M.S., Tcypkin A.N., Putilin S.E., Bespalov V.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smirnov S.V., Kulya M.S., Tcypkin A.N., Putilin S.E., Bespalov V.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/637">https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/637</self-uri><abstract><p>The spatial distribution of the terahertz radiation polarization is experimentally measured from a femtosecond laser twocolor filament in air. Terahertz radiation generation from twocolor plasma filamentation with a  BBO crystal located behind the lens leads to the spatial inhomogeneity of the polarization distribution. Inhomogeneity of the terahertz field polarization is determined by the polarization of the fundamental harmonic of the pump radiation after passing through the  BBO crystal. A spatial inhomogeneity of the fundamental harmonic polarization is observed owing to the  BBO crystal acting as a phase plate illuminated by a spherical front.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>filament generation</kwd><kwd>terahertz radiation</kwd><kwd>polarization</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">We thank X.C. Zhang for consultation with the experiment. This work was partially financially supported by the Government of the Russian Federation, Grant 074U01 and Project 3.9041.2017/7.8.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Siegel P.H. Terahertz technology in biology and medicine. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2004, 52 (10), P. 2438–2447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Siegel P.H. Terahertz technology in biology and medicine. IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, 2004, 52 (10), P. 2438–2447.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gredyukhina I.V., Plotnikova L.V., et al. Influence of the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid and crosslinking agent on optical properties and swelling of sodium polyacrylate. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2017, 122 (6), P. 877–879.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gredyukhina I.V., Plotnikova L.V., et al. Influence of the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid and crosslinking agent on optical properties and swelling of sodium polyacrylate. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2017, 122 (6), P. 877–879.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Petrov N.V., Kulya M.S., et al. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2016, 6 (3), P.464–472.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Petrov N.V., Kulya M.S., et al. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2016, 6 (3), P.464–472.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Balbekin N.S., Kulya M.S., Rogov P.Y., Petrov N.V. The modeling peculiarities of diffractive propagation of the broadband terahertz twodimensional field. Physics Procedia, 2015, 73, P. 49–53.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Balbekin N.S., Kulya M.S., Rogov P.Y., Petrov N.V. The modeling peculiarities of diffractive propagation of the broadband terahertz twodimensional field. Physics Procedia, 2015, 73, P. 49–53.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulya M.S., Balbekin N.S., et al. Computational terahertz imaging with dispersive objects. Journal of Modern Optics, 2017, 64, P. 1283–1288.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulya M.S., Balbekin N.S., et al. Computational terahertz imaging with dispersive objects. Journal of Modern Optics, 2017, 64, P. 1283–1288.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kulya M.S., Petrov N.V., Tcypkin A.N., Bespalov V.G. Influence of raster scan parameters on the image quality for the THz phase imaging in collimated beam with a wide aperture. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, 536 (1), P. 012010.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kulya M.S., Petrov N.V., Tcypkin A.N., Bespalov V.G. Influence of raster scan parameters on the image quality for the THz phase imaging in collimated beam with a wide aperture. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2014, 536 (1), P. 012010.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., Bespalov V.G. Numerical simulation of broadband vortex terahertz beams propagation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, 735 (1), P. 012064.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., Bespalov V.G. Numerical simulation of broadband vortex terahertz beams propagation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, 735 (1), P. 012064.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cook D.J., Hochstrasser R.M. Intense terahertz pulses by fourwave rectification in air. Optics Letters, 2000, 25 (16), P. 1210–1212.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cook D.J., Hochstrasser R.M. Intense terahertz pulses by fourwave rectification in air. Optics Letters, 2000, 25 (16), P. 1210–1212.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu X., Zhang X.C. Investigation of ultrabroadband terahertz timedomain spectroscopy with terahertz wave gas photonics. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2014, 7 (2), P. 121–155.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu X., Zhang X.C. Investigation of ultrabroadband terahertz timedomain spectroscopy with terahertz wave gas photonics. Frontiers of Optoelectronics, 2014, 7 (2), P. 121–155.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roskos H.G., Thomson M.D., Kre M., L¨offler A.T. Broadband THz emission from gas plasmas induced by femtosecond optical pulses: From fundamentals to applications. Laser &amp; Photonics Reviews, 2007, 1 (4), P. 349–368.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roskos H.G., Thomson M.D., Kre M., L¨offler A.T. Broadband THz emission from gas plasmas induced by femtosecond optical pulses: From fundamentals to applications. Laser &amp; Photonics Reviews, 2007, 1 (4), P. 349–368.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thomson M.D., Blank V., Roskos H.G. Terahertz whitelight pulses from an air plasma photoinduced by incommensurate twocolor optical fields. Optics Express, 2010, 18 (22), P. 23173–23182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thomson M.D., Blank V., Roskos H.G. Terahertz whitelight pulses from an air plasma photoinduced by incommensurate twocolor optical fields. Optics Express, 2010, 18 (22), P. 23173–23182.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu W., Th´eberge F., et al. An efficient control of ultrashort laser filament location in air for the purpose of remote sensing. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 2006, 85 (1), P. 55–58.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu W., Th´eberge F., et al. An efficient control of ultrashort laser filament location in air for the purpose of remote sensing. Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics, 2006, 85 (1), P. 55–58.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Couairon A., Mysyrowicz A. Femtosecond filamentation in transparent media. Physics Reports, 2007, 441 (2), P. 47–189.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Couairon A., Mysyrowicz A. Femtosecond filamentation in transparent media. Physics Reports, 2007, 441 (2), P. 47–189.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">D’Amico C., Houard A., et al. Conical forward THz emission from femtosecondlaserbeam filamentation in air. Physical Review Letters, 2007, 98 (23), P. 235002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">D’Amico C., Houard A., et al. Conical forward THz emission from femtosecondlaserbeam filamentation in air. Physical Review Letters, 2007, 98 (23), P. 235002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andreev A.A., Bespalov V.G., et al. Generation of ultrabroadband terahertz radiation under optical breakdown of air by two femtosecond pulses of different frequencies. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2009, 107 (4), P. 538–544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andreev A.A., Bespalov V.G., et al. Generation of ultrabroadband terahertz radiation under optical breakdown of air by two femtosecond pulses of different frequencies. Optics and Spectroscopy, 2009, 107 (4), P. 538–544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amico C.D., Houard A., et al. Forward THz radiation emission by femtosecond filamentation in gases: theory and experiment. New Journal of Physics, 2008, 10 (1), P. 013015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amico C.D., Houard A., et al. Forward THz radiation emission by femtosecond filamentation in gases: theory and experiment. New Journal of Physics, 2008, 10 (1), P. 013015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Chen Y., et al. Nonradially polarized THz pulse emitted from femtosecond laser filament in air. Optics Express, 2008, 16 (20), P. 15483–15488.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Chen Y., et al. Nonradially polarized THz pulse emitted from femtosecond laser filament in air. Optics Express, 2008, 16 (20), P. 15483–15488.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Marceau C., et al. Elliptically polarized terahertz emission in the forward direction of a femtosecond laser filament in air. Applied Physics Letters, 2008, 93 (23), P. 231116.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Marceau C., et al. Elliptically polarized terahertz emission in the forward direction of a femtosecond laser filament in air. Applied Physics Letters, 2008, 93 (23), P. 231116.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">B´ejot P., Kasparian J., Wolf J.P. Dualcolor cofilamentation in Argon. Optics express, 2008, 16 (18), P. 14115–14127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">B´ejot P., Kasparian J., Wolf J.P. Dualcolor cofilamentation in Argon. Optics express, 2008, 16 (18), P. 14115–14127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dietze D., Darmo J., et al. Polarization of terahertz radiation from laser generated plasma filaments. JOSA B, 2009, 26 (11), P. 2016–2027.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dietze D., Darmo J., et al. Polarization of terahertz radiation from laser generated plasma filaments. JOSA B, 2009, 26 (11), P. 2016–2027.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stremoukhov S., Andreev A., et al. Origin of ellipticity of highorder harmonics generated by a twocolor laser field in the crosspolarized configuration. Physical Review A, 2016, 94 (1), P. 013855.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stremoukhov S., Andreev A., et al. Origin of ellipticity of highorder harmonics generated by a twocolor laser field in the crosspolarized configuration. Physical Review A, 2016, 94 (1), P. 013855.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Imai R., Kanda N., et al. Generation of broadband terahertz vortex beams. Optics Letters, 2014, 39 (13), P. 3714–3717.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Imai R., Kanda N., et al. Generation of broadband terahertz vortex beams. Optics Letters, 2014, 39 (13), P. 3714–3717.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., Bespalov V.G. Numerical simulation of broadband vortex terahertz beams propagation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, 735 (1), P. 012064</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., Bespalov V.G. Numerical simulation of broadband vortex terahertz beams propagation. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2016, 735 (1), P. 012064</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., et al. Amplitudephase imaging of pulsed broadband terahertz vortex beams generated by spiral phase plate. 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (IRMMWTHz), 2016, 7758823.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semenova V.A., Kulya M.S., et al. Amplitudephase imaging of pulsed broadband terahertz vortex beams generated by spiral phase plate. 41st International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter and Terahertz Waves (IRMMWTHz), 2016, 7758823.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">He J., Wang X., et al. Generation and evolution of the terahertz vortex beam. Optics Express, 2013, 21 (17), P. 20230–20239.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">He J., Wang X., et al. Generation and evolution of the terahertz vortex beam. Optics Express, 2013, 21 (17), P. 20230–20239.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Oh T.I., You Y.S., Kim K.Y. Twodimensional plasma current and optimized terahertz generation in twocolor photoionization. Optics Express, 2012, 20 (18), P. 19778–19786.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Oh T.I., You Y.S., Kim K.Y. Twodimensional plasma current and optimized terahertz generation in twocolor photoionization. Optics Express, 2012, 20 (18), P. 19778–19786.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Q., Hewitt T.D., Zhang X.C. Twodimensional electrooptic imaging of THz beams. Applied Physics Letters, 1996, 69 (8), P. 1026– 1028.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Q., Hewitt T.D., Zhang X.C. Twodimensional electrooptic imaging of THz beams. Applied Physics Letters, 1996, 69 (8), P. 1026– 1028.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gorodetsky A., Koulouklidis A.D., Massaouti M., Tzortzakis S. Physics of the conical broadband terahertz emission from twocolor laserinduced plasma filaments. Physical Review A, 2014, 89 (3), P. 033838.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gorodetsky A., Koulouklidis A.D., Massaouti M., Tzortzakis S. Physics of the conical broadband terahertz emission from twocolor laserinduced plasma filaments. Physical Review A, 2014, 89 (3), P. 033838.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang Y., Sun W., Zhang Y. Spectra modulation of terahertz radiation from air plasma. In SPIE/COS Photonics Asia, 2016, P. 1003025–1003025.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang Y., Sun W., Zhang Y. Spectra modulation of terahertz radiation from air plasma. In SPIE/COS Photonics Asia, 2016, P. 1003025–1003025.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Y., Marceau C., et al. Polarization separator created by a filament in air. Optics Letters, 2008, 33 (23), P. 2731–2733.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Y., Marceau C., et al. Polarization separator created by a filament in air. Optics Letters, 2008, 33 (23), P. 2731–2733.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Th´eberge F., Ak¨ozbek N., et al. Tunable ultrashort laser pulses generated through filamentation in gases. Physical Review Letters, 2006, 97 (2), P. 023904.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Th´eberge F., Ak¨ozbek N., et al. Tunable ultrashort laser pulses generated through filamentation in gases. Physical Review Letters, 2006, 97 (2), P. 023904.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
