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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">najo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наносистемы: физика, химия, математика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-8054</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-7971</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2220-8054-2018-9-6-724-734</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">najo-725</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PHYSICS</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>A comparative analysis of the observed effects of 2D tunneling bifurcationsfor quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional Au–QD systems in an external electric field</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title></trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>M. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">misha29.02@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krevchik</surname><given-names>V. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorshkov</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Filatov</surname><given-names>D. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nizhny Novgorod 603950</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dakhnovsky</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>WY 82071 Laramie</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaev</surname><given-names>А. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shkurinov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timoshenko</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow 119991</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krevchik</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malik</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Uttar Prasesh 201204</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Wang</surname><given-names>Y. H.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lanzhou</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Li</surname><given-names>T. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lanzhou</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhu</surname><given-names>Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shanghai 200093</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhuang</surname><given-names>S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shanghai 200093</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zaytsev</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antonov</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenov</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Penza 440026</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aringazin</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Astana 010008</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shorokhov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Saransk 430005</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alex.shorokhov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-1"><institution>Department of Physics, Penza State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-2"><institution>Department of Physics, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-3"><institution>Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Wyoming</institution><country>United States</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-4"><institution>Moscow State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-5"><institution>Department of Physics, Multanimal Modi College Modinagar</institution><country>India</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-6"><institution>Institute of Functional and Environmental Materials, Lanzhou University</institution><country>China</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-7"><institution>University of Shanghai for Science and Technology</institution><country>China</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-8"><institution>Institute for Basic Research, Eurasian National University</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en" id="aff-9"><institution>Institute of Physics and Chemistry, National Research Mordovia State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>9</volume><issue>6</issue><elocation-id>724–734</elocation-id><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Semenov M.B., Krevchik V.D., Gorshkov O.N., Filatov D.O., Dakhnovsky Y., Nikolaev А.V., Shkurinov A.P., Timoshenko V.Y., Krevchik P.V., Malik A.K., Wang Y.H., Li T.R., Zhu Y., Zhuang S., Zaytsev R.V., Antonov I.S., Semenov I.M., Aringazin A.K., Shorokhov A.V., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Semenov M.B., Krevchik V.D., Gorshkov O.N., Filatov D.O., Dakhnovsky Y., Nikolaev А.V., Shkurinov A.P., Timoshenko V.Y., Krevchik P.V., Malik A.K., Wang Y.H., Li T.R., Zhu Y., Zhuang S., Zaytsev R.V., Antonov I.S., Semenov I.M., Aringazin A.K., Shorokhov A.V.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Semenov M.B., Krevchik V.D., Gorshkov O.N., Filatov D.O., Dakhnovsky Y., Nikolaev А.V., Shkurinov A.P., Timoshenko V.Y., Krevchik P.V., Malik A.K., Wang Y.H., Li T.R., Zhu Y., Zhuang S., Zaytsev R.V., Antonov I.S., Semenov I.M., Aringazin A.K., Shorokhov A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/725">https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/725</self-uri><abstract><p>The effects of 2D tunneling bifurcations for quasi-one-dimensional and quasi-two-dimensional Au-quantum dot (QD) arrays in thin dielectric films in an external electric field have been studied theoretically and experimentally by Conductive Atomic Force Microscopy (CAFM). In the case of quasi-one-dimensional Au–QD structures (with the QD size ∼ 5 nm), in a dielectric film, a single break under positive bias polarity, corresponding to the effect of 2D tunneling bifurcation, previously predicted theoretically by our team [<xref ref-type="bibr" rid="cit1">1</xref>], has been detected in experimental I—V curves of the CAFM probe-to-sample contact. A convincing qualitative agreement between the obtained experimental I—V curves and the theoretical field dependence for the 2D-dissipative tunneling probability in the model 2D-oscillator potential has been obtained for the case of parallel tunneling in the weak-dissipation limit at a finite temperature in an external electric field. In the case of quasi-two-dimensional structures with Au QD (with the QD sizes of 2 to 5 nm), possessing metamaterial properties, a pair of kinks corresponding to the double effect of 2D-tunneling bifurcations has been detected on the experimental I—V curves. A qualitative agreement between the experimental I—V curves and the theoretical field dependence for the 2D-dissipative tunneling probability has been obtained for a situation with an effectively “negative” permittivity of the heat bath.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>quantum tunneling with dissipation</kwd><kwd>quantum dots</kwd><kwd>two-dimensional bifurcations</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">Authors thank Prof. A.J. Leggett and Prof. Yu.N. Ovchinnikov (who for the first time together with B.I. Ivlev predicted the 2D-tunneling bifurcations effect) for useful discussions. 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