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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">najo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наносистемы: физика, химия, математика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-8054</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-7971</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2220-8054-2016-7-1-58-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">najo-760</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAPERS, PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>PAPERS, PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Phenomenology of ripples in graphene</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Phenomenology of ripples in graphene</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ktitorov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ktitorov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ktitorov@mail.ioffe.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Mukhamadiarov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mukhamadiarov</surname><given-names>R. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ioffe Institute; St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ioffe Institute; St. Petersburg Electrotechnical University LETI</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ioffe Institute</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Ioffe Institute</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Special Issue: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial International Conference “Advanced Carbon Nanostructures” (ACNS’2015)</issue-title><fpage>58</fpage><lpage>59</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ktitorov S.A., Mukhamadiarov R.I., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ktitorov S.A., Mukhamadiarov R.I.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ktitorov S.A., Mukhamadiarov R.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/760">https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/760</self-uri><abstract><p>The ripples are considered an incommensurate superstructure in a two-dimensional crystal, appearing as a result of the formation of periodic solutions in an in-plane optical phonon subsystem. The possible instability of the flexural subsystem is also discussed.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>The ripples are considered an incommensurate superstructure in a two-dimensional crystal, appearing as a result of the formation of periodic solutions in an in-plane optical phonon subsystem. The possible instability of the flexural subsystem is also discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Landau functional</kwd><kwd>graphene</kwd><kwd>ripples</kwd><kwd>incommensurate</kwd><kwd>curvature</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Landau functional</kwd><kwd>graphene</kwd><kwd>ripples</kwd><kwd>incommensurate</kwd><kwd>curvature</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vozmediano M.A.H., Katsnelson M.I., Guinea F. Gauge fields in graphene. 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