The preparation of Langmuir – Blodgett (LB) films based on graphene oxide and the study of their structure and optical properties are presented. Graphene oxide dispersions were prepared in different solvents and the stability of each solution was studied. The measurements have shown that most stable dispersions were prepared in tetrahydrofuran, but in acetone, the concentration of graphene oxide is higher. Therefore, graphene oxide monolayers were formed from acetone dispersions. The physicochemical properties of graphene oxide monolayers at the water-air interface were studied. The LB films were deposited onto solid substrates according to Y-type (transfer during downward and upward stroke of substrate) and Z-type transfer (deposition during the upward stroke only). The absorption spectra of graphene oxide LB films exhibit a broad band in the ultraviolet and visible region of the spectrum. The optical density of the film obtained according to the Y-type transfer is greater than the optical density of the film prepared according to the Z-type transfer. The transparency of the films in the visible region of the spectrum is greater than 90 %. As it was shown by SEM images, the films obtained according to the Y-type transfer are more uniform in structure.