<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">najo</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="en">Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>Наносистемы: физика, химия, математика</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-8054</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2305-7971</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Университет ИТМО</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.17586/2220-8054-2016-7-1-210-213</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">najo-968</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PAPERS, PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>PAPERS, PRESENTED AT THE CONFERENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>TEM study of structure of graphene layers in shungite carbon</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="ru"><trans-title>TEM study of structure of graphene layers in shungite carbon</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Kovalevski</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kovalevski</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">kovalevs@krc.karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Moshnikov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshnikov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Petrozavodsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">igorm@krc.karelia.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Center, RAS</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Geology, Karelian Research Center, RAS</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>14</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>1</issue><issue-title>Special Issue: Proceedings of the 12th Biennial International Conference “Advanced Carbon Nanostructures” (ACNS’2015)</issue-title><fpage>210</fpage><lpage>213</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Kovalevski V.V., Moshnikov I.A., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Kovalevski V.V., Moshnikov I.A.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kovalevski V.V., Moshnikov I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/968">https://nanojournal.ifmo.ru/jour/article/view/968</self-uri><abstract><p>Shungites have been studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Two types of carbon layers have been revealed in shungites by HRTEM. The first type, graphite-like carbon layers are characterized by strongly marked hexagonal symmetry. The second type are remarkable for imperfections connected with insignificant disorder in the direction of fringes and the distance between them, and can result from point defects or the pentagonal and heptagonal carbon rings that are signs of fullerene-like structures.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Shungites have been studied by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Two types of carbon layers have been revealed in shungites by HRTEM. The first type, graphite-like carbon layers are characterized by strongly marked hexagonal symmetry. The second type are remarkable for imperfections connected with insignificant disorder in the direction of fringes and the distance between them, and can result from point defects or the pentagonal and heptagonal carbon rings that are signs of fullerene-like structures.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Shungite</kwd><kwd>High-resolution electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>Molecular structure</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Shungite</kwd><kwd>High-resolution electron microscopy</kwd><kwd>Molecular structure</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported in part by the RFBR grant 13-05-98811.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Buseck P.R., Tsipursky S.J., Hettich R. Fullerenes from the geological environment. Science, 1992, 257, P. 215–217.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Buseck P.R., Tsipursky S.J., Hettich R. Fullerenes from the geological environment. Science, 1992, 257, P. 215–217.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovalevski V.V., Safronov A.N., Markovski Ju.A. Hollow carbon microspheres and fibres produced by catalytic pyrolysis and observed in shungite rocks. Mol Mater., 1996, 8, P. 21–24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalevski V.V., Safronov A.N., Markovski Ju.A. Hollow carbon microspheres and fibres produced by catalytic pyrolysis and observed in shungite rocks. Mol Mater., 1996, 8, P. 21–24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chazhengina S.Y., Kovalevski V.V. Structural characteristics of shungite carbon subjected to contact meta-morphism overprinted by greenschist-facies regional metamorphism. Eur. J. Mineral., 2013, 25, P. 835–843.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chazhengina S.Y., Kovalevski V.V. Structural characteristics of shungite carbon subjected to contact meta-morphism overprinted by greenschist-facies regional metamorphism. Eur. J. Mineral., 2013, 25, P. 835–843.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovalevski V.V., Prikhodko A.V., Buseck P.R. Diamagnetism of natural fullerene-like carbon. Carbon, 2005, 43(2), P. 401–405.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalevski V.V., Prikhodko A.V., Buseck P.R. Diamagnetism of natural fullerene-like carbon. Carbon, 2005, 43(2), P. 401–405.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kovalevski V.V., Buseck P.R., Cowley J.M. Comparison of carbon in shungite rocks to other natural carbons: An X-ray and TEM study. Carbon, 2001, 39, P. 243–256.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kovalevski V.V., Buseck P.R., Cowley J.M. Comparison of carbon in shungite rocks to other natural carbons: An X-ray and TEM study. Carbon, 2001, 39, P. 243–256.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mordkovich V.Z. The observation of large concentric shell fullerenes and fullerene-like nanoparticles in laser pyrolysis carbon blacks. Chem. Mater., 2000, 12, P. 2813–2818.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mordkovich V.Z. The observation of large concentric shell fullerenes and fullerene-like nanoparticles in laser pyrolysis carbon blacks. Chem. Mater., 2000, 12, P. 2813–2818.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Razbirin B.S., Rozhkova N.N., Sheka E.F., Nelson D.K., A.N. Starukhin, A. S. Goryunov. Spectral properties of shungite quantum dots. Nanosystems: Phys., Chem., Math., 2014, 5 (2), P. 217–233.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Razbirin B.S., Rozhkova N.N., Sheka E.F., Nelson D.K., A.N. Starukhin, A. S. Goryunov. Spectral properties of shungite quantum dots. Nanosystems: Phys., Chem., Math., 2014, 5 (2), P. 217–233.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cataldo F. The impact of a fullerene-like concept in carbon black science. Carbon, 2002, 40(2), P. 157–162.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cataldo F. The impact of a fullerene-like concept in carbon black science. Carbon, 2002, 40(2), P. 157–162.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
