Realization of combinational logic circuits using standard functions in quantum dot cellular automata
https://doi.org/10.17586/2220-8054-2021-12-5-583-597
Abstract
A set of functions commonly used in basic circuits are defined as standard functions. They are so called because different combinations of different logic circuits are designed using these functions. They are also used to realize combinational logic circuits and most Boolean expressions. In this paper, 13 standard functions are discussed with their various applications using Quantum Dot Cellular Automata known as QCA which is currentlya familiar nanotechnology for its ultra-low power consumption and high speed operations. The designed functions are analyzed with area, latency and cell count. Energy calculations have been done with the suitable input for its stable operation. Algorithms are also established for the designed functions to realize in QCA technology.
About the Authors
Ratna ChakrabartyIndia
Salt Lake Electronics Complex, Sector V, Kolkata, 700091
Niranjan Kumar Mandal
India
Salt Lake Electronics Complex, Sector V, Kolkata, 700091
References
1. Lent C.S., Tougaw P.D., Porod W., Bernstein G.H. Quantum cellular automata. Nanotechnology, 1993, 4, P. 49–57.
2. Majeed A.H., Zainal M.S., Bernstein E.A. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata: Review Paper. Int. Journal of Integrated Engineering, 2019, 11 (8), P. 143–158.
3. Laajimi R. Nano architecture of Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata (QCA) Using Small Area for Digital Circuits. In Advanced Electronic Circuits, Principles, Architectures and Applications on Emerging Technologies, 2018.
4. Jayalakshmi R., Amutha R. An Optimized High Input Majority Gate Design in Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata. Int. Journal of Engineering and Manufacturing Science, 2018, 8 (1), P. 63–75.
5. Sheikhfaal S., Angizi S., et al. Designing efficient QCA logical circuits with power dissipation analysis. Microelectronics Journal, 2015, 46 (6), P. 462–471.
6. Sridharan K., Pudi, Vikramkumar. Design of Arithmetic Circuits in Quantum Dot Cellular Automata Nanotechnology, Springer, 2015.
7. Macucci M. Quantum Cellular Automata. Theory, Experimentation and Prospects. Imperial college Press, 2006.
8. Mukherjee C., Sukla A.S., et al. Layered T full adder using Quantum-dot Cellular Automata. IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Computing and Communication Technologies (CONECCT), 2015, P. 1–6.
9. Chakrabarty R., Bhattacharjee A., Kundu A., Ganguly R. Implementation of Standard Functions Using Universal Gate in QCA Designer. 1st Int. Conf. on Electronics, Materials Engineering and Nano-Technology (IEMENTech), 2017, 8076966.
10. QCADesigner 2.0. URL: https://qcadesigner.software.informer.com/2.0/.
11. Das J., De D. Optimized Design of Reversible Gates in Quantum Dot-Cellular Automata: A Review. Reviews in Theoretical Science, 2016, 4 (3), P. 279–286.
Review
For citations:
Chakrabarty R., Mandal N. Realization of combinational logic circuits using standard functions in quantum dot cellular automata. Nanosystems: Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics. 2021;12(5):583-597. https://doi.org/10.17586/2220-8054-2021-12-5-583-597